Yes. A CPU has both physical cores and logical threads. These are both considered logical CPUs.
For example, if you ran cat /proc/cpuinfo on Linux you would see something like this (First processor is processor 0)
processor : 23
model name : AMD Ryzen 9 3900X 12-Core Processor
So your 4 core CPU likely has hyperthreading and would meet the requirements for Microsoft recall
I don’t use VRR, but I meet the rest of your criteria
Electron apps were the biggest pain pont - I would be typing in discord and there was noticeable lag and letters would disappear until I have several characters beyond them. I worked around this by using discord on their website in a browser tab.
Not sure which update resolved this, but it’s now working as I expect it to, so I think if you choose to use a Nvidia GPU, you should have an okay time. I would just say to consider a beefier AMD GPU as well, since they tend to have much better driver support in Linux